Guarding Against the Winter Slump
Recognizing and Combating Seasonal Affective Disorder
10/25/2023
Volodymyr Manko, MD, Aspirus Hospitalist
As the seasons shift
and the days grow shorter, many individuals find themselves grappling with more
than just a change in weather. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), often
referred to as the "winter blues," can cast a cloud over their
well-being. Understanding how to identify and effectively handle the condition
is crucial, particularly for people living in the upper Midwest this time of
year.
SAD is a form of
depression that follows a seasonal pattern, most commonly emerging during fall
and winter. "SAD is a depressive disorder that tends to only recur with
certain seasons, and it tends to happen in the fall and winter when sunlight
hours tend to shorten,” explains Volodymyr Manko, MD, Aspirus Hospitalist.
“Demographically, we see it more often in our younger patients as well as our
female patients. Women are actually four times as likely to develop this as
compared to men, though it really can affect anyone.”
The science behind
SAD is rooted in the interplay between light exposure and our body's internal
clock. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), reduced
exposure to natural sunlight can disrupt our circadian rhythms and impact the
production of serotonin and melatonin – neurotransmitters that regulate mood
and sleep.
Dr. Manko notes that
the symptoms of SAD often mirror those of major depressive disorder:
- Low Mood: Prolonged
feelings of sadness, hopelessness and irritability
- Fatigue: Increased
tiredness and a struggle to maintain energy levels
- Appetite Changes:
Cravings for carbohydrates, weight gain or increased appetite
- Social Withdrawal: A
tendency to isolate oneself and avoid social interactions
- Concentration
Difficulties: Trouble with focus, memory and decision-making
Diagnosing SAD
involves a thorough evaluation of symptoms, medical history and ruling out
other conditions. "Early diagnosis is crucial," says Dr. Manko. “So
if you or somebody you know experiences recurrent symptoms of sadness that
appear to be seasonal, you should reach out to your primary care provider
immediately."
A variety of
treatment recommendations may be made, depending on severity. Treatment options
encompass a range of approaches from light therapy, psychotherapy (or talk
therapy), medication and vitamin D. Additionally, Dr. Manko recommends a
well-balanced lifestyle, including time outdoors when the weather is mild,
regular physical activity, a healthy diet and social engagement.
With the right
strategies, SAD can be managed effectively, enabling individuals to reclaim
their joy and resilience even in the face of seasonal challenges. Talk with
your primary care provider to discuss the best course of action for your
healing.
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